A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DARK GROUND MICROSCOPY & IgM ELISA FOR THE DETECTION OF LEPTOSPIROSIS IN ACUTE FEBRILE ILLNESS CASES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KANPUR
Keywords:
Leptospirosis, Dark-ground Microscopy, Ig M ELISA, Acute febrile illness, High Power FieldAbstract
Introduction: Most developing countries are found in tropical regions, where the incidence of leptospirosis is higher than that of temperate regions. Leptospirosis is thought to be the most common zoonosis. In a setting with limited resources like India, underreporting is typically caused by a lack of knowledge, unusual presentations, and a lack of diagnostic facilities. For proper care and control, it is critical to understand the incidence of these illnesses in the area.
Aim: A comparative study of dark ground microscopy &Ig M ELISA for the detection of leptospirosis in acute febrile illness cases at a tertiary care hospital in Kanpur.
Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Microbiology and Medicine Rama Medical college hospital and research centre Kanpur. Type of study is cross sectional observational study conducted between April 2023 to March 2024. Blood sample was collected in a plain vial by aseptic precautions and then centrifuge the sample for plasma. The slide was focused under low and high power magnification in Dark ground microscopy (DFM) and perform IgM ELISA test for the detection of Leptospirosis.
Results: Out of 50 blood samples 22 were male and 28 females. In the age group between 31-40 years observed in leptospirosis. Fever (100%), Myalgia (78.57%), Nausea (71.42%) Vomiting, were common clinical features observed in leptospirosis cases. 14 were positive by IgM ELISA and 6 were positive by Dark ground microscopy. The sensitivity and specificity of IgM ELISA and Dark ground microscopy (DFM) were 100%; 42.85% and 81.81%; 100% respectively. The NPV and PPV of IgM ELISA and Dark ground microscopy (DFM) is 100%, 81% and 42% ,100% respectively.
Conclusion: In our study IgM ELISA is more effective method when compared to Dark Ground Microscopy with higher sensitivity and specificity than the DGM. Hence, IgM ELISA is rapid and relevant method for detection of Leptospirosis.
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