Unveiling The Radical Shield: Pharmacognostic And Physicochemical Analysis Of Schinus Polygama Leaves' Antioxidant Arsenal
Keywords:
Quality control, assay, extract, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity.Abstract
Schinus polygama, a member of the Anacardiaceae family also known as Peruvian pepper tree, thrives in warm, temperate to subtropical climates and prefers full sun and well-drained soils. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the plant extracts are abundant in phenolic compounds and flavonoids, both of which play a significant role in enhancing its antioxidant potential. The present research includes a comprehensive pharmacognostic study, detailing the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the plant, which aids in its identification and authentication. Physicochemical analysis was also performed to determine moisture content, ash value, and extractive values, which are crucial for ensuring quality control and standardization. Antioxidant assays, including 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), Nitric Oxide (NO), and Superoxide Radical Scavenging Activity (SRSA), were used to evaluate the plant's free radical scavenging potential. Microscopic and fluorescence analyses further support quality control efforts. Ongoing research explores the therapeutic potential and safety of Schinus polygama. Based on the result of the antioxidant activity study by four different assay methods, it can be concluded that the leaves extract. ESP shows better antioxidant activity than ASP in all four assays, with IC50 values either very close to or better than the standard (STD). ASP consistently has higher IC50 values, indicating weaker antioxidant activity. ESP is the sample that shows the best antioxidant result compared to the standard (STD) across all four assays. This comprehensive evaluation highlights the medicinal value of Schinus polygama, particularly in its antioxidant properties.
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